Grice's Politeness Maxims in Japanese Benefactive-Causative Expressions: A Study of Pragmatics

Iriantini, Sri (2021) Grice's Politeness Maxims in Japanese Benefactive-Causative Expressions: A Study of Pragmatics. Metalingua, 19 (1). pp. 139-150.

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Abstract

The culture of a community may be reflected in the way that the language is used. Japanese has specific expressions with a subtle moral sense to show addressees a respect and to humble oneself; described by benefactive-causative structure with verb ‘juju’ or benefactive verbs attached to causative verbs as a case (Juju hojodoushi). The use of Japanese benefactive-causative expression in a particular conversational situation, is mostly related to the kinship of conversational participants, to the concept of ‘uchi-soto’ (inclusive-exclusive) believed by Japanese community, and to intimate relation of the participants of the utterances. Presenting close relationship, benefactive verbs take a normal form, and subtle ones (taiguukei) will be given to represent unfamiliar relationship. Learning from the phenomena, pragmatic approach is used to analyze the use of Japanese benefactive-causative expressions. In this paper, the author focuses on the elements of Grice’s politeness maxims conveyed in Japanese expressions with benefactive-causative verbs. The results show that the politeness maxims found in Japanese movie are tact maxim, generosity maxim, modesty maxim, agreement maxim, and approbation maxim.

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